CLA Issues Report Card Assessing Maryland Counties’ Floodplain Protections

This past summer brought some of the most extreme weather many of us have ever experienced. Widespread wildfires, record-breaking storms, and extreme heat have already left dangerous impacts on our communities, prompting questions about how a changing climate will continue to affect our environment.

One important strategy is protecting and reinforcing floodplains—flat lands adjacent to rivers, streams, and other water bodies. Floodplains act as the first line of defense against flooding by absorbing excess water. They also provide other benefits, including recreational opportunities, scenic views, and industrial uses. Unfortunately, development in floodplains weakens their natural resiliency and can introduce additional pollutants into the Chesapeake Bay. To address this, CLA advocates for local laws that limit floodplain development and help safeguard both communities and the Bay.

To advocate effectively, we first need a clear understanding of the current rules. This summer, CLA surveyed floodplain development ordinances across Maryland’s 24 counties—including Baltimore City—to see which jurisdictions are leading in restricting potentially harmful floodplain development. Below is a summary of our findings:

• Baltimore County holds the strictest ordinance, banning all development in floodplains except for a few low-impact exceptions.
• Eight counties have partial bans (rated “Good”), prohibiting floodplain development unless (a) no alternative location exists, or (b) it’s a necessary improvement to an existing structure.
• Fourteen counties (including Baltimore City) have less stringent ordinances (rated “Fair”), generally prohibiting only unpermitted development in floodplains. Most follow Maryland’s Model Floodplain Management Ordinance and are required to update local regulations accordingly.
• Worcester County has the weakest ordinance, which does not prohibit unpermitted development in tidal flood zones and only requires proposals to consider flood damage minimization.

By understanding these differences, CLA can focus advocacy efforts on strengthening local laws that prioritize floodplain conservation. Protecting and restoring floodplains brings resilience, public safety, and environmental health to Bay communities. For more on land use, planning, and conservation, visit cla.marketingbydesign.agency/services/land-use-and-habitat-protection.